Pulatifomu yaukadaulo yotukuka kwambiri- pulatifomu yodziwikiratu ma immunology, nsanja yodziwira mamolekyulu-larbiology, nsanja yowunikira ma protein - Yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, palibe zida zomwe zimafunikira pokonza zitsanzo kapena kuwerenga zotsatira - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ntchito, kuphatikiza kuzindikira matenda opatsirana, mankhwala nkhanza ... etc
