Njengoba ukuqubuka kwe-COVID-19 kuqhubeka nokuvela, kuqhathaniswe nomkhuhlane. Womabili abangela isifo sokuphefumula, nokho kunomehluko obalulekile phakathi kwala magciwane amabili nendlela asakazeka ngayo. Lokhu kunemithelela ebalulekile ezinyathelweni zezempilo zomphakathi ezingase zisetshenziswe ukusabela egciwaneni ngalinye.
Uyini umkhuhlane?
Umkhuhlane yisifo esithathelanayo kakhulu esidalwa yigciwane lomkhuhlane. Izimpawu zihlanganisa imfiva, ikhanda elibuhlungu, izinhlungu zomzimba, ikhala eligijimayo, umphimbo obuhlungu, ukukhwehlela nokukhathala okufika ngokushesha. Yize abantu abaningi abanempilo belulama emkhuhlaneni esikhathini esingangesonto, izingane, abantu abadala, kanye nabantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthaka noma izimo zezempilo ezingamahlalakhona basengozini enkulu yokuba nezinkinga ezinkulu, okuhlanganisa inyumoniya ngisho nokufa.
Izinhlobo ezimbili zamagciwane omkhuhlane abangela ukugula kubantu: uhlobo A no-B. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezinhlobo eziningi eziguqukayo kaningi, yingakho abantu beqhubeka behla nomkhuhlane unyaka nonyaka—futhi kungani isibhamu somkhuhlane sinikeza isivikelo kuphela ngenkathi eyodwa yomkhuhlane. . Ungathola umkhuhlane nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, kodwa e-United States, inkathi yomkhuhlane iphakama phakathi kukaDisemba noMashi.
Dukungabaza phakathi koMkhuhlane (Umkhuhlane) kanye ne-COVID-19?
1.Izimpawu Nezimpawu
Ukufana:
Kokubili i-COVID-19 kanye nomkhuhlane kungaba namazinga ahlukahlukene ezimpawu nezimpawu, kusukela ekungabibikho kwezimpawu (asymptomatic) kuya kuzimpawu ezinzima. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile i-COVID-19 kanye nomkhuhlane ezabelana ngazo zihlanganisa:
● Imfiva noma ukuzwa umkhuhlane/ukubanda
● Ukukhwehlela
● Ukuphelelwa umoya noma ukuphefumula kanzima
● Ukukhathala (ukukhathala)
● Ubuhlungu bomphimbo
● Ikhala eligijimayo noma eliminyene
● Ubuhlungu bemisipha noma ubuhlungu bomzimba
● Ikhanda elibuhlungu
● Abanye abantu bangase bahlanzwe futhi bahudo, nakuba lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni kunabantu abadala
Umehluko:
Umkhuhlane:Amagciwane omkhuhlane angadala ukugula okumaphakathi kuya kokuqina, okuhlanganisa nezimpawu ezijwayelekile ezibalwe ngenhla.
I-COVID-19: I-COVID-19 ibonakala idala izifo ezimbi kakhulu kwabanye abantu. Ezinye izimpawu nezimpawu ze-COVID-19, ezihlukile kumkhuhlane, zingabandakanya ukushintsha noma ukulahlekelwa ukunambitheka noma iphunga.
2.Izimpawu zivela isikhathi eside kangakanani ngemva kokuchayeka kanye nokutheleleka
Ukufana:
Kokubili i-COVID-19 kanye nomkhuhlane, kungadlula usuku olu-1 noma ngaphezulu phakathi komuntu ongenwa igciwane nalapho eqala ukuba nezimpawu zokugula.
Umehluko:
Uma umuntu ene-COVID-19, kungase kumthathe isikhathi eside ukuthi abe nezimpawu kunokuba enomkhuhlane.
Umkhuhlane: Ngokujwayelekile, umuntu uba nezimpawu noma yikuphi kusukela osukwini olu-1 kuye kwezingu-4 ngemva kokutheleleka.
I-COVID-19: Ngokuvamile, umuntu uba nezimpawu ezinsukwini ezi-5 ngemva kokutheleleka, kodwa izimpawu zingavela ezinsukwini ezi-2 ngemva kokutheleleka noma ngemva kwezinsuku eziyi-14 ngemva kokutheleleka, futhi ibanga lesikhathi lingahluka.
3.Umuntu angasakaza igciwane isikhathi esingakanani
Ukufana:Kokubili i-COVID-19 kanye nomkhuhlane, kungenzeka ukusabalalisa igciwane okungenani usuku olungu-1 ngaphambi kokuba ube nanoma yiziphi izimpawu.
Umehluko:Uma umuntu ene-COVID-19, angase atheleleke isikhathi eside kunalapho enomkhuhlane.
Umkhuhlane
Abantu abaningi abanomkhuhlane bayathelelana cishe usuku olungu-1 ngaphambi kokuba babonise izimpawu.
Izingane ezindala kanye nabantu abadala abanomkhuhlane babonakala betheleleka kakhulu phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala ezi-3-4 zokugula kwabo kodwa abaningi bahlala bethathelana cishe izinsuku eziyi-7.
Izinsana kanye nabantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka bangathelelana isikhathi eside nakakhulu.
I-COVID 19
Ukuthi umuntu angasakaza isikhathi esingakanani igciwane elibangela i-COVID-19 kusaphenywa.
Kuyenzeka ukuthi abantu basabalalise leli gciwane cishe izinsuku ezi-2 ngaphambi kokuba bathole izimpawu noma izimpawu futhi bahlale bethelelana okungenani izinsuku eziyi-10 ngemuva kokubonakala kwezimpawu noma izimpawu. Uma umuntu engenazimpawu noma izimpawu zakhe ziphela, kungenzeka ukuthi uhlale utheleleka okungenani izinsuku eziyi-10 ngemuva kokuhlolwa ukuthi une-COVID-19.
4.Indlela Esabalala Ngayo
Ukufana:
Kokubili i-COVID-19 kanye nomkhuhlane kungasakazeka usuka kumuntu uye komunye, phakathi kwabantu abasondelene nabanye (phakathi kwamafidi angaba ngu-6). Kokubili kusakazwa ikakhulukazi ngamaconsi enziwa lapho abantu abanalesi sifo (COVID-19 noma umkhuhlane) bekhwehlela, bethimula, noma bekhuluma. Lawa maconsi angahlala emlonyeni noma emakhaleni abantu abaseduze noma ahogele emaphashini.
Kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu angenwe yilesi sifo ngokuthintana nomuntu (isib. ukuxhawula) noma ngokuthinta indawo noma into enamagciwane kuyo bese ezithinta umlomo wakhe, ikhala, noma amehlo akhe.
Kokubili igciwane lomkhuhlane kanye negciwane elibangela i-COVID-19 lingasakazwa kwabanye abantu ngaphambi kokuba baqale ukukhombisa izimpawu, abanezimpawu ezithambile kakhulu noma abangakaze babe nezimpawu (asymptomatic).
Umehluko:
Ngenkathi i-COVID-19 kanye namagciwane omkhuhlane kucatshangwa ukuthi asakazeka ngezindlela ezifanayo, i-COVID-19 ithelelana kakhulu phakathi kwabantu abathile namaqembu eminyaka kunomkhuhlane. Futhi, i-COVID-19 ibonwe ukuthi inemicimbi esabalala kakhulu kunomkhuhlane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi igciwane elibangela i-COVID-19 lingasakazeka ngokushesha futhi kalula kubantu abaningi futhi liphumele ekusakazekeni okuqhubekayo phakathi kwabantu njengoba isikhathi siqhubeka.
Yikuphi ukungenelela kwezokwelapha okukhona ku-COVID-19 kanye namagciwane omkhuhlane?
Yize kunenqwaba yezindlela zokwelapha okwamanje ezisezivivinyweni zokwelashwa e-China kanye nemithi yokugomela engaphezu kuka-20 esathuthukiswa i-COVID-19, okwamanje ayikho imithi yokugomela enelayisense noma yokwelapha ye-COVID-19. Ngokuphambene, ama-antiviral kanye nemigomo etholakalayo yomkhuhlane. Yize umuthi wokugomela umkhuhlane ungasebenzi egciwaneni le-COVID-19, kunconyelwa kakhulu ukuthi ugonywe unyaka nonyaka ukuvikela ukutheleleka komkhuhlane.
5.Abantu Abasengozini Enkulu Yokugula Okubi
Sukufana:
Kokubili i-COVID-19 kanye nokugula komkhuhlane kungaholela ekuguleni okubi kakhulu kanye nezinkinga. Labo abasengozini enkulu bahlanganisa:
● Abantu abadala asebekhulile
● Abantu abanezimo ezithile zezempilo ezicashile
● Abantu abakhulelwe
Umehluko:
Ingozi yezinkinga zezingane ezinempilo iphezulu yomkhuhlane uma iqhathaniswa ne-COVID-19. Kodwa-ke, izinsana nezingane ezinezimo zempilo ezingaphansi zisengozini eyengeziwe yomkhuhlane kanye ne-COVID-19.
Umkhuhlane
Izingane ezincane zisengozini enkulu yokugula kakhulu ngenxa yomkhuhlane.
I-COVID 19
Izingane ezifunda isikole ezitheleleke nge-COVID-19 zisengozini enkulu yokuI-Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Ezinganeni (MIS-C), inkinga eyivelakancane kodwa enzima ye-COVID-19.
6.Izinkinga
Ukufana:
Kokubili i-COVID-19 kanye nomkhuhlane kungaholela ezinkingeni, ezihlanganisa:
● Inyumoniya
● Ukwehluleka ukuphefumula
● I-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (okungukuthi uketshezi olusemaphashini)
● I-Sepsis
● Ukulimala kwenhliziyo (isb. ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nokushaywa unhlangothi)
● Ukwehluleka kwezitho eziningi (ukwehluleka ukuphefumula, ukwehluleka kwezinso, ukushaqeka)
● Ukonakala kwezimo zezempilo ezingelapheki (okubandakanya amaphaphu, inhliziyo, isimiso sezinzwa noma isifo sikashukela)
● Ukuvuvukala kwenhliziyo, ubuchopho noma izicubu zemisipha
● Ukutheleleka kwamagciwane okwesibili (okungukuthi izifo ezenzeka kubantu asebengenwe umkhuhlane noma i-COVID-19)
Umehluko:
Umkhuhlane
Abantu abaningi abathola umkhuhlane bazolulama ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya ngaphansi kwamasonto amabili, kodwa abanye abantu bazokhulaizinkinga, ezinye zalezi zinkinga zibalwe ngenhla.
I-COVID 19
Izinkinga ezengeziwe ezihlobene ne-COVID-19 zingabandakanya:
● Amahlule egazi emithanjeni nasemithanjeni yamaphaphu, inhliziyo, imilenze noma ingqondo
● I-Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Ezinganeni (MIS-C)
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-08-2020