Ngaba uyazi ukuba i-kitid kiti yovavanyo ngokukhawuleza?

I-Immunology ngumxholo ontsonkothileyo oqukethe ulwazi oluphangaleleyo. Eli nqaku lijolise ekutheni ukuze kwazise kwiimveliso zethu zisebenzisa ulwimi olufutshane kakhulu.

Kwicandelo lokufunyanwa ngokukhawuleza, ukusetyenziswa kwekhaya kuhlala kusebenzisa indlela yegolide yegolide.

Igolide i-NanoPlicles idityaniswe ngokulula kwii-antibodies, i-peptides, i-oligonucleclecides, kunye nezinye iiproteni ngenxa yobume be-Sulfhydryl (-S) yeGolide eGolide^I-3-5. IGolide-Biomolecule idityaniswa ngokubanzi ifakwe kwizicelo zokuchonga, apho umbala wawo obomvu usetyenziswa ekhaya kunye novavanyo lwendawo yokhathalelo olunje ngeemvavanyo zokukhulelwa ekhaya

Kuba umsebenzi ulula, umphumo kulula ukuqonda, olulula, ukhawuleze, oluchanileyo kunye nezinye izizathu. Indlela ye-colloidal yegolide yeyona ndlela iphambili yokuchonga kwimarike.

Ukhuphiswano lwesandwich kunye ne-sandwich ziimodeli ezi-2 eziphambili kwiNdlela yeGolide yeGolide, batsala umdla ngenxa yeefomathi zabasebenzisi abanobuhlobo, amaxesha amafutshane, iindleko ezincinci, kwaye zilula ngokusebenza ngabasebenzi abangaqeqeshwanga. Obu buchule busekwe kwi-biochemical pryction ye-antigen-antid bubridation. Iimveliso zethu zenziwe ngamacandelo amane: isampulu yepali, yindawo leyo yesampulu ilahliwe; I-Pinjutite pad, apho i-tags ebhalwe ii-tags zidityaniswa nezixhobo ze-biorecotion; I-membrane yokuphendula equkethe umgca wovavanyo kunye nomnxeba wolawulo lwe-antign-antidy; kunye ne-abystin pad, egcina inkunkuma.

Umgaqo-siseko

I-Antibodies ezimbini ze-antibodies ezibophelelekileyo kwi-Epitoves eyahlukileyo kwimolekyuli esetyenziswayo. Inye (i-anticles anting) ifakwe ilebhile ene-naplofalle yegolide ye-nanopaliver kunye nenye (yokubamba) ilungiswe kumphezulu we-NC Membrane. I-antictureng antidy ikwimeko enesidima ngaphakathi kwe-thed. Xa isisombululo esisezantsi okanye isampulu yongezwa kwipali yesampulu yovavanyo, i-binder inokuthotywa ngokukhawuleza kunxibelelwano ne-apduct eneentsholongwane ezinentsholongwane eneentsholongwane. Emva koko i-antiddy yakha i-visle kwi-vis yesigaba solwelo kwaye yaya phambili ihlale ifakwe i-antids kwi-NC Mbrane, evelisa isiginali malunga ne-vis yokugxila malunga ne-ntsholongwane. Ngapha koko, umntu ochasayo owongezelelweyo ohambelana no-Antis onti I-pad ye-absorblent ibekwe ngaphezulu ukuze iphazamiseke nge-capillay eyenza ukuba i-cargled ikhutshelwe ukuya kwi-antiddy ehleliweyo. Umbala obonakalayo wavela ngaphantsi kwe-10 min, kwaye ubuthathaka bugqiba inani lentsholongwane. Kwelinye igama, yona intsholongwane eyayikho kwisampulu, ephawuleka ngakumbi ibhendi ebomvu.

Makhe ndichaze ngokufutshane indlela ezisebenza ngayo ezi ndlela zombini:

1.Uyindlela ye-antich anti

Umgaqo weNdawo ye-antich ephindwe kabini, ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ukufunyanwa kweproteyini enkulu yemolekyuli (anti) .two antiy anti kufuneka ijolise kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ze-antign.

2. Indlela yokhuphiswano

Indlela yokhuphiswano ibhekisa kwindlela yokuchonga ye-Antigen ejongene nomgca wokuqaphela kunye nolwandiso lwegolide lwe-Antigen ukuba ihlolwe. umgca kwimigca elungileyo kunye nembini kwi-negative.