Immunology bụ isiokwu dị mgbagwoju anya nwere ọtụtụ ihe ọmụma ọkachamara.Edemede a bu n'obi iwebata gị ngwaahịa anyị na-eji asụsụ nghọta kacha mkpụmkpụ.
N'ebe a na-achọpụta ngwa ngwa, iji ụlọ na-ejikarị usoro ọla edo colloidal eme ihe.
A na-ejikọta nanoparticles ọla edo ngwa ngwa na ọgwụ mgbochi, peptides, oligonucleotides sịntetik, na protein ndị ọzọ n'ihi njikọ nke otu sulfhydryl (-SH) maka elu ọla edo.3-5.Ejikọtala conjugates ọla edo-biomolecule n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ime ngwa nyocha, ebe a na-eji agba ọbara ọbara ha na-egbuke egbuke n'ụlọ yana nleba anya nlekọta dị ka ule ime ime ụlọ.
N'ihi na ọrụ ahụ dị mfe, nsonaazụ dị mfe nghọta, adaba, ngwa ngwa, nke ziri ezi na ihe ndị ọzọ.Usoro ọla edo nke colloidal bụ isi ụzọ nchọpụta ngwa ngwa n'ahịa.
Nnwale asọmpi na sanwichi bụ ụdị isi 2 na usoro ọla edo colloidal, Ha adọtala mmasị n'ihi usoro ndị ọrụ enyi ha, oge nyocha dị mkpirikpi, obere nnyonye anya, ọnụ ala dị ala, yana ịdị mfe site n'aka ndị ọrụ na-abụghị ndị pụrụ iche.Usoro a dabere na mmekorita biochemical nke njikọta antigen-antibody.Ngwaahịa anyị nwere akụkụ anọ: mpempe akwụkwọ, nke bụ ebe a na-atụba ihe nlele;conjugate pad, nke akara mkpado jikọtara na biorecognition ọcha;akpụkpọ ahụ mmeghachi omume nwere ahịrị ule na akara njikwa maka mmekọrịta antigen-antibody;na mpe mpe akwa, nke na-edobe ihe mkpofu.
1.Assay Principle
A na-eji ọgwụ mgbochi abụọ na-ejikọta epitopes dị iche iche dị na molekul nje.Otu (ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi) nke akpọrọ nanoparticles ọla edo kolloidal yana nke ọzọ (na-ejide mgbochi) etinyere n'elu akpụkpọ ahụ NC.Ihe mgbochi mkpuchi ahụ nọ n'ọnọdụ akpọnwụ akpọnwụ n'ime pad conjugate.Mgbe agbakwunyere ọkọlọtọ ọkọlọtọ ma ọ bụ ihe nlele n'elu mpempe akwụkwọ nlele nke mpempe ule ahụ, enwere ike gbazee ihe nkedo ahụ ozugbo ma kọntaktị na mmiri mmiri nwere nje.Mgbe ahụ, mgbochi ahụ kpụrụ a mgbagwoju na nje na mmiri mmiri na-aga na-aga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu ruo mgbe e weghaara ya antibody edozi n'elu elu nke NC akpụkpọ ahụ, nke na-eme ka mgbaàmà n'ike-n'ike banyere nje ịta.Ọzọkwa, enwere ike iji ihe mgbochi ọzọ akọwapụtara maka mgbochi mkpuchi mkpuchi iji mepụta akara njikwa.Mpempe ihe na-amịkọrọ ihe dị n'elu iji kpalite site na capillarity nke na-enyere aka ịdọrọ mgbagwoju anya ahụ na mgbochi mgbochi.Agba a na-ahụ anya pụtara n'ihe na-erughị nkeji iri, na ike na-ekpebi ọnụọgụ nje a.N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, ka nje virus dị na nlele ahụ, ka a na-ahụ anya ka eriri uhie na-apụta.
Ka m kọwaa nkenke ka ụzọ abụọ a si arụ ọrụ:
1.Double mgbochi Sanwichi ụzọ
Ugboro abụọ mgbochi Sanwichi ụzọ ụkpụrụ, tumadi eji maka nchọpụta nke nnukwu molekụla arọ protein (mgbochi) mgbochi abụọ a chọrọ iji lekwasịrị dị iche iche saịtị nke antigen.
2. Usoro asọmpi
Usoro asọmpi na-ezo aka na usoro nchọpụta nke antigen nke ejiri eriri nchọpụta na mgbochi nke akara ọla edo nke antigen ka a ga-anwale. A na-agụ nsonaazụ nke usoro a na-emegide nsonaazụ nke usoro Sanwichi, ya na otu. ahịrị na nke ọma na ahịrị abụọ na-adịghị mma.
Oge nzipu: Dec-03-2019