Immunology wani batu ne mai rikitarwa wanda ya ƙunshi yawancin ilimin sana'a. Wannan labarin yana nufin gabatar muku da samfuranmu suna amfani da mafi guntun harshe mai fahimta.
A fagen gano saurin ganowa, amfani da gida yawanci yana amfani da hanyar zinari na colloidal.
Nanoparticles na zinariya suna haɗuwa da sauri zuwa ƙwayoyin rigakafi, peptides, oligonucleotides na roba, da sauran sunadaran saboda alaƙar ƙungiyoyin sulfhydryl (-SH) don saman gwal.3-5. Zinariya-biomolecule conjugates an haɗa su cikin aikace-aikacen bincike, inda ake amfani da launin ja mai haske a cikin gida da gwajin kulawa kamar gwajin ciki na gida.
Saboda aikin yana da sauƙi, sakamakon yana da sauƙin fahimta, dacewa, sauri, daidai da sauran dalilai. Hanyar zinariya ta Colloidal ita ce babbar hanyar ganowa cikin sauri akan kasuwa.
Gwaje-gwajen gasa da sanwici sune manyan samfura guda 2 a cikin hanyar zinare ta colloidal, Sun jawo sha'awa saboda tsarin abokantaka na masu amfani, gajerun lokutan tantancewa, ƙananan tsangwama, ƙarancin farashi, da kasancewa mai sauƙi ta hanyar sarrafawa ta hanyar ma'aikatan da ba na musamman ba. Wannan dabarar ta dogara ne akan hulɗar biochemical na haɓakar antigen-antibody. Kayayyakinmu sun ƙunshi sassa huɗu: kushin samfurin, wanda shine yankin da aka jefa samfurin; conjugate kushin, a kan abin da labeled tags hade da biorecognition abubuwa; membrane na amsawa wanda ke dauke da layin gwaji da layin sarrafawa don hulɗar antigen-antibody; da kuma absorbent kushin, wanda reserves sharar gida.
1.Assay Principle
Ana amfani da ƙwayoyin rigakafi guda biyu masu ɗaure nau'ikan epitopes daban-daban waɗanda ke kan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta. Daya (shafi antibody) mai lakabi da colloidal zinariya nanoparticles da sauran (kama antibody) kafaffen saman saman NC membrane. Maganin rigakafi yana cikin yanayin rashin ruwa a cikin kushin haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin da aka ƙara daidaitaccen bayani ko samfurin akan kushin samfurin gwajin gwajin, za'a iya narkar da daurin nan take idan an tuntuɓar wani matsakaiciyar ruwa mai ɗauke da ƙwayar cuta. Sa'an nan kuma antibody ya kafa wani hadadden kwayar cutar a cikin ruwa lokaci kuma ya ci gaba da ci gaba har sai an kama shi ta hanyar antibody da aka gyara a saman saman NC membrane, wanda ya haifar da sigina daidai da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya amfani da ƙarin maganin rigakafi na musamman ga maganin rigakafi don samar da siginar sarrafawa. Kushin abin sha yana samuwa a saman don jawo ta capillarity wanda ke ba da damar hadaddun rigakafi da za a ja zuwa ga kafaffen antibody. Launi mai gani ya bayyana a cikin ƙasa da mintuna 10, kuma ƙarfin yana ƙayyade adadin ƙwayar cuta. A wasu kalmomi, yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta da ke cikin samfurin, yawancin jan band ya bayyana.
Bari in ɗan yi bayanin yadda waɗannan hanyoyin biyu suke aiki:
1.Double anti sanwici hanya
Ka'idar hanyar sanwici sau biyu, galibi ana amfani da ita don gano manyan furotin masu nauyi (anti). Ana buƙatar anti-biyu don kaiwa wurare daban-daban na antigen.
2. Hanyar gasa
Hanyar gasa tana nufin hanyar gano antigen da aka rufe ta hanyar layin ganowa da kuma antibody na alamar zinare na antigen da za a gwada. Sakamakon wannan hanyar ana karantawa sabanin sakamakon hanyar sandwich, tare da daya. layi a cikin tabbatacce kuma layi biyu a cikin mummunan.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-03-2019